Answer:
Explanation:
11). f(x) = x → f(x) = x - 1
Translation → Function f(x) has been shifted 1 units down
12). f(x) = 2x → f(x) = 2(x + 2)
Translation → Function f(x) has been shifted horizontally left by 2 units
13). f(x) = 3x + 2 → f(x) = 3x - 2 + 2
Translation → Function f(x) has been shifted by 2 units down.
14). f(x) = 2x - 4 → f(x) = 2(x + 8) - 4
Translation → Function f(x) shifted horizontally left by 8 units