Answer:
- The rate of a reaction is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions:
reaction rate∝(collisions/time)
- The reacting species must collide in an orientation that allows contact between the atoms that will become bonded together in the product.
- The collision must occur with adequate energy to permit mutual penetration of the reacting species’ valence shells so that the electrons can rearrange and form new bonds (and new chemical species).