One specific difference between the antislavery movement in the period 1780-1810 and in the period 1830-1859 is the focus and tactics of the movement.
During the period 1780-1810, the antislavery movement was largely focused on the abolition of the international slave trade and was primarily led by Quakers and other religious groups. The movement employed tactics such as petitioning and lobbying, as well as using religious arguments to persuade others to join the cause. However, during the period 1830-1859, the focus of the antislavery movement shifted to the abolition of slavery itself and the movement became more radical and militant. This was due in large part to the formation of the abolitionist group known as the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833, which was led by William Lloyd Garrison and other prominent abolitionists. This group employed more militant tactics such as public speaking and civil disobedience and used the power of the press to spread their message.
Overall, the period 1780-1810 saw a more gradual and religious approach to antislavery, while the period 1830-1859 saw a more radical and militant approach.