Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the change in pH, we need to know the concentration of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute (in this case, NaOH) per unit volume of solvent (in this case, water). The concentration of a solution is usually expressed in units of moles per liter (M).
Since the mass of NaOH and the volume of the solution are given, we can calculate the concentration of the NaOH solution using the formula:
[NaOH] = mass / (molar mass * volume)
The molar mass of NaOH is 39.997 g/mol, so the concentration of the NaOH solution is:
[NaOH] = 2.00 g / (39.997 g/mol * 2.0 L) = 0.0500 M
Since sodium hydroxide is a strong base, it will completely dissociate into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is therefore equal to the concentration of the NaOH solution. The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution. Since the concentration of H+ ions in a basic solution is very low, the pH of a basic solution is very high.
The change in pH can be calculated using the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
Substituting the concentration of hydroxide ions for [H+] and solving for pH, we find that the change in pH is:
pH = -log[OH-] = -log(0.0500 M) = 3.30
The pH of the solution will increase from 7.0 to 10.3 as a result of adding 2.00 grams of NaOH to 2.0 liters of distilled water.