Answer: 2.375 L of water
Step-by-step explanation:
To make the desired solution, you will need to mix the nitric acid stock solution with water. The concentration of the final solution is given as 0.200 M. The concentration of the stock solution is given as 16.0 M. The volume of the final solution is given as 2.50 L.
The concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute (in this case, nitric acid) in the solution divided by the volume of the solution. We can use this definition to set up the following equation:
(concentration of stock solution) * (volume of stock solution) = (concentration of final solution) * (volume of final solution)
We can substitute in the known values to solve for the volume of stock solution:
(16.0 M) * (V) = (0.200 M) * (2.50 L)
Solving for V, we find that the volume of stock solution needed is 0.125 L.
To find the volume of water needed to make the solution, we can use the formula for the volume of a solution: volume of solution = volume of solute + volume of solvent. In this case, the volume of the solute (nitric acid stock solution) is 0.125 L, and the volume of the final solution is 2.50 L, so the volume of solvent (water) needed is 2.50 L - 0.125 L = 2.375 L.
Therefore, to make the desired solution, you will need to mix 0.125 L of 16.0 M nitric acid stock solution with 2.375 L of water.