Answer:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that cause breathing difficulties. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are two of the most common conditions that fall under the umbrella of COPD. Emphysema is a condition in which the air sacs in the lungs become damaged and lose their elasticity, making it difficult to breathe out. Chronic bronchitis is a condition in which the lining of the bronchial tubes becomes inflamed and narrowed, making it difficult to breathe in.
Both emphysema and chronic bronchitis are characterized by chronic inflammation in the airways and lungs, which can cause symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Over time, these conditions can lead to permanent damage to the lungs and a decrease in lung function. Because emphysema and chronic bronchitis are both chronic lung conditions that cause similar symptoms and can have similar effects on the lungs, they are often grouped together under the umbrella of COPD.