Answer: C. the Second Great Awakening
Explanation: The temperance and abolition movements were greatly influenced by the ideas of the Second Great Awakening, which was a religious revival movement that swept through the United States in the early 19th century. The Second Great Awakening emphasized the importance of individual morality and the need for social reform, and it encouraged people to work towards creating a more just and compassionate society. The temperance movement, which sought to reduce or eliminate the consumption of alcohol, and the abolition movement, which sought to end slavery, were both rooted in these ideas of individual morality and social reform. As such, the Second Great Awakening played a significant role in shaping the goals and strategies of these movements.