Final answer:
The accurate statements regarding the differences between hemiacetals and glycosides are that a glycoside is formed when a hemiacetal reacts with an alcohol and that disaccharides contain glycosidic bonds. Hemiacetal formation can result in the creation of a new chiral center, specifically at the anomeric carbon.
Step-by-step explanation:
To distinguish between a hemiacetal and a glycoside, let's address the provided statements:
a. A glycoside forms when a hemiacetal condenses with an alcohol. This statement is true. Glycosides are formed through the reaction of a hemiacetal with an alcohol, where the hemiacetal's -OH group is replaced by an alkoxy group (-OR).
b. A hemiacetal forms when an aldose condenses with an alcohol. This statement can be misleading. A hemiacetal is generally formed when a carbonyl group (like those found in aldoses and ketoses) interacts with an alcohol group, often within the same molecule, leading to an intramolecular reaction that stabilizes the hemiacetal structure.
c. An O-glycosidic bond does not involve an anomeric carbon atom. This statement is incorrect. An O-glycosidic bond always involves the anomeric carbon atom of a sugar.
d. Hemiacetal formation eliminates a chiral center. This statement is incorrect. In fact, hemiacetal formation can create a new chiral center, particularly at the anomeric carbon.
e. Disaccharides contain glycosidic bonds. This is an accurate statement as disaccharides are formed by linking two monosaccharides via a glycosidic bond between their anomeric carbons and other hydroxyl groups.