Question

A segment of dna/chromosome containing the instructions for building a protein which will result in a trait is called a ___

Answer 1

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein, which results in the expression of a trait. Genes operate through transcription and translation processes, ultimately determining an organism's characteristics.

Step-by-step explanation:

A gene is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that contains the instructions for building a protein, which in turn leads to the expression of a trait. Each gene is responsible for the production of a specific polypeptide chain, and these polypeptide chains form proteins that are essential for various functions within an organism. The genetic information within a gene is organized in a specific sequence of nucleotide bases, which are then transcribed to messenger RNA (mRNA) and later translated into a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

In more detail, the process begins with transcription where a DNA segment is copied into mRNA, which is then used in translation to assemble amino acids in the correct order to form a protein. This genetic code is read as a series of three-letter codes known as codons. Essential for life, genes are functional units of heredity that play a key role in determining the characteristics, or traits, of organisms, varying from hair color to blood type.

Answer 2

Answer: A segment of dna/chromosome containing the instructions for building a protein which will result in a trait is called a GENE.

Step-by-step explanation:

CHROMOSOMES are made up of two threads called chromatids joined at a point called the centromere.

In the chemical nature of chromosomes, each is made up of a protein framework which has a long molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) coiled round it. A segment of DNA containing the instructions for building a protein which will result in a trait is called a GENE.

The GENES in the cell of a diploid organism contain all the necessary instructions for building up the organism.These instructions are written on a molecular scale.. Most genes contain information to direct the synthesis of specific proteins. Each such protein takes part in the development of a particular character.

A protein is made up of one or more chains of amino acids known as polypeptides. The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the type of amino acid and the sequence in which they are arranged in a polypeptide chain.

A gene therefore is a sequence of triplets of the four bases which specifies the structure of a protein