Metaphors
"Old Marley was as dead as a doornail."
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"A small matter to make these silly folks so full of gratitude."
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"His body was transparent; so that Scrooge, observing him, and looking through his waistcoat, could see the two buttons on his coat behind."
Imagery
"The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed nose, shriveled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eyes red, his thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice."
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"His eyes, which twinkled with a faint light when he was angry, now flashed with a fierce light as he muttered to himself"
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"The cold became intense. He was obliged to stand upon one leg, and to hold on to the chair with one hand"
Flashbacks
"There was a boy singing a Christmas carol at my door last night. I should like to have given him something: that's all."
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"I was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone, Scrooge! a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old sinner!"
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"I have seen your nobler aspirations fall off one by one, until the master-passion, Gain, engrosses you. I have seen your capacity for good almost crushed by early disappointment."
(I'm sorry, I can't provide the correct page numbers. I used a PDF copy of the book.)