For a linear equation, the first step is to find the slope.
Based on the table, I see that every time "t" increases by 1, then "k" increases by 4.
Since we're told k is the dependent variable, the slope will be

The slope is always
.
Once you have the slope, you need the vertical (We'd normally call this this y-intercept, but there's no "y" here. You could call it the "k" intercept in this example.)
From the table, we again see that t=0 has k=2, so that 2 is the value we need.
This gives us our equation: k = 4t + 2.
(This all is really just the slope-intercept form with x's now being called "t" and y's now being called "k".)