Final answer:
The underlined word groups in the provided sentences are dependent clauses when they have both a subject and a verb and begin with a subordinating conjunction, but cannot stand alone as a sentence. If they lack either a subject or verb, they are not considered clauses.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine whether the underlined word groups are dependent clauses, independent clauses, or not a clause, we should first understand the difference. A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a sentence. It often begins with subordinating conjunctions such as 'although', 'while', or 'because'. An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, as it expresses a complete thought.
Now let's examine your sentences:
- Although he injured his knee, Juan continued playing. - This is a dependent clause because it starts with 'although', a subordinating conjunction, and cannot stand alone.
- I thought that the offer was too good to be true. - This is a dependent clause as it starts with 'that', a subordinating conjunction, and does not express a complete thought on its own.
- While I was scrubbing the floors, Juliet was watching television. - This is a dependent clause because it begins with 'while', another subordinating conjunction, and is not a complete sentence by itself.
- Although tired and grumpy, Laura agreed to babysit for her sister-in-law. - This is not a clause because it lacks a verb and therefore does not contain both a subject and a verb.
- Inspired and energized, Sean solved the case of the missing energy drink. - Similar to the previous example, this is not a clause as it lacks a verb.