Answer:
#1) An API also known as application programming interface is a set of tools for building programs. An API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the fundamental building blocks. They enable two software components to communicate with each other using a set of definitions and its language is unique to how it was created and its purpose. A few of its applications include: allow different devices to connect with each other, allows for tnteractivity between devices and software, create messenger programs that are capable of requesting and delivering the response back to the user, allow the creation of applications that access the features or data of an operating system, application, or other service database, etc.
#2) Karel itslef is an API built in Javascript to make it easier to build programs quickly. The Karel API abstracts aways the complex details involved in getting the Karel image to move and interact with other components. Karel functions like move() and turnLeft() are forms of API provided to the user as commands to create efficiency and fluidity of defintions in less complex programs.