Answer:
The Second Opium War was a war of aggression against China jointly launched by Britain and France with the support of
the United States and Russia from October 1856 to October 1860. The purpose is that Britain and France will further
open up the Chinese market and expand their aggression interests in China. Because Britain and France launched wars
under the pretext of the Yarrow incident and the Ma priest incident respectively, they were called 'The Arrow War' by
the British. Also known as 'Anglo-French expedition to China' or 'Second Anglo-Chinese War'. At the same time,
because this war can be regarded as the continuation and expansion of the first Opium War (the essential purpose of
the two wars is the same), it is also called the 'Second Opium War'.
In 1860, the British and French forces invaded Beijing, the Qing emperor fled to Chengde, and the British and French
forces broke into the Yuanmingyuan and plundered the jewelry and burned it. During the war, after sending troops,
Tsarist Russia claimed to be the biggest winner by claiming that it was 'merited in mediation' and coerced the Qing
government to cede more than 1.5 million square kilometers of territory. The war ended when the Qing government was
forced to sign the Treaty of Beijing.
As a result, China lost more than 1.5 million square kilometers of territory in the northeast and northwest.
Step-by-step explanation: