Probability is expressed as
number of favorable outcomes/number of total outcomes
In this scenario,
total number of outcomes = sum of red, green and blue cars
From the information given,
number of red cars = 3
number of green cars = 4
number of blue cars = 5
total number of outcomes = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12
Since we are considering red cars, the favorable outcome involves being assigned a red car.
Michelle is first in line for the ride and is assigned a car at random. The probability that she is assigned a red car is
3/12 = 1/4
Garth is next in line and is randomly assigned a car. The total number of cars available is 12 - 1 = 11 and the number of red cars available is 3 - 1 = 2
The probability that she is assigned a red car is
2/11
The probability that both Michelle and Garth will drive a red bumper car is
1/4 x 2/11 = 0.045
Converting it to percentage, it becomes
0.045 x 100
= 4.5%
The correct option is the first one