A large ranges indicates that there is a large difference between the highest and lowest grade scores. A smaller deviation indicates that the grades scores are less varied amom themselves.
An example is when the highest grade is 100 and the lowest grade is 5. In this case the range is larger than the case when the highest is 100 and the lowest 60.
A smaller standard deviation means that the data set of grades are close to the mean of the data set. The behavior is the following