The height is a function of the time, given by the following equation:
h(t) = 16(8+t)(5-t)
The object hits the ground when h(t) = 0. So
16(8 + t)(5 - t) = 0
This means that:
8 + t = 0 or 5 - t = 0
8 + t = 0
t = -8
We cannot have negative values for t.
5 - t = 0
-t = -5 *(-1)
t = 5
The object hits the ground when t = 5, which was easy to find since the equation was already factored by it's roots.