Final answer:
To conduct a hypothesis test, set up the null and alternative hypotheses, calculate the z-score, find the p-value, and make a decision based on the p-value.
Step-by-step explanation:
To conduct a hypothesis test, we need to set up the null and alternative hypotheses. In this case, the null hypothesis is that the mean phone usage time is equal to 4.5 hours per week, and the alternative hypothesis is that the mean is higher than 4.5 hours per week.
Next, we calculate the test statistic, which is the z-score. The formula for the z-score is (sample mean - population mean) / (sample standard deviation / sqrt(sample size)). Using the given values, we can calculate the z-score.
Once we have the z-score, we can find the p-value associated with it. The p-value represents the probability of observing a test statistic as extreme as the one calculated, assuming the null hypothesis is true.
Based on the p-value, we can make a decision. If the p-value is less than the significance level (a), we reject the null hypothesis. If the p-value is greater than or equal to the significance level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.