Final answer:
The model described in option a shows the process of active transport, which involves the movement of a substance from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration across a cell membrane using cellular energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The model described in option a shows the process of active transport. Active transport refers to the movement of a substance across a cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This process requires cellular energy (ATP) and is carried out by proteins within the cell membrane acting as 'pumps'.