Final answer:
The number of doctors involved in lawsuits obtained from the sample of 500 doctors represents a sample statistic.
Step-by-step explanation:
In statistics, a sample statistic is a numerical measure that describes some aspect of a sample. When we refer to the specific scenario of Example 1.4, the professional directory represents the population, which is all medical doctors in this context. The 500 doctors selected at random form the sample. The number of doctors in the population who have been involved in one or more malpractice lawsuits is a parameter, while the number of doctors in the sample who have been involved in lawsuits is a statistic. The characteristic of interest, being involved in a lawsuit, is the variable. Finally, the actual counts of involved lawsuits are the data. Thus, the number obtained from the sample of 500 doctors is a statistic, specifically a sample statistic.