In this case, we'll have to carry out several steps to find the solution.
Step 01:
Data:
carnival game:
spinner: 1 to 8
Step 02:
simple probability:
p = favorable outcomes / total outcomes
1. probability of an event:
a. p (odds):
p (odds) = 4 / 8 = 1 / 2
b. p (evens):
p (evens) = 4 / 8 = 1 / 2
c. p (3):
p (3) = 1 / 8
d. p (4 or 6):
p (4 or 6) = 2 / 8 = 1 / 4
e. p (7'):
p (7') = 7 / 8
f. p (1):
p (1) = 1 / 8
That is the full solution.