1) Vapor pressure. Water exerts vapor pressure. This pressure is produced by the water molecules that change their state from liquid to gas.
2) Setting a similar system and watching what happens.
If we set a system similar to that shown in the image (place the cup of water in the jar and then close the jar), we will see the following
1) The big jar has no molecules of water gas since we just closed it.
2) Some water molecules change from liquid to gas and start filling the big jar.
3) The big jar will have a certain amount of vapor water.
4) The big jar has so much water that it starts condensing on the walls of the big jar.
5) After enough water is condensed on the walls, it runs down the walls and precipitates.
3) The order observed.
1) Water evaporated from the cup
2) water condensed on the walls of the jar.
3) Water precipitated, or ran down the walls of the jar.