Question;
Solution:
a) Remember that Diffusion is the process of random movement toward a
state of equilibrium. Now, In a solution without barriers, all the solutes diffuse at rates determined by temperature, their physical properties, and the concentration gradient of each solute. If a biological membrane divides the
solution into separate compartments, the movement of the different solutes can be affected by the properties of the membrane. The membrane is said to be permeable to solutes that can cross it more or less easily. In this case, we can see a process called simple diffusion, where small molecules pass through the lipid bilayer of the membrane. The more lipid-soluble the molecule, the more rapidly it diffuses through the bilayer. This statement holds true over a wide range of molecular weights.
Then, the correct answer to this item would be: diffusion.
b) One example of the process called difusion is when water molecules are abundant enough and small enough that they move through membranes by a diffusion process called osmosis. Now, we know that the difference in solute concentration between a cell and its surrounding environment determines whether water will move from the environment into the cell or out of the cell into the environment. For example, consider an animal cell. In a Hypotonic solution such as a dilute salt solution, water enters the cell, and cells swell and burst. On the other hand, if a Hypertonic solution such as concentrated salt solution, cells lose water and shrivel.
Then, the correct answer to this item would be:
The diffusion process can affect cells depending on the concentration of the extracellular fluid, for example, considering an animal cell, we get that :
1. In a Hypotonic extracellular fluid such as a dilute salt solution, water enters the cell, and cells swell and burst.
2. In a Hypertonic extracellular fluid such as concentrated salt solution, Cells lose water and shrivel.