The function f is a rational function.
Since the function has a horizontal asymptote given by
y = 1
then the only possible relationship between the degree of the numerator, N, and the degree of the denominator, D, is as given below

With these conditions, we can eliminate option B.
This is because in the case of option B, 1 = N ≠ D = 2
Of all the remaining options, only the function in the case of option C,
has vertical asymptotes at x = -7 and x = 5. Which implies that the domain of f in option C is given by
Dom(f) = (-∞,-7) U (-7, 5) U (5, ∞ )
Hence, the correct choice is option C