Step-by-step explanation:
a) HCl + CaCO₃ ---> ?
Calcium carbonate will react with the acid to give CaCl₂, CO₂ and H₂O. The unbalanced reaction will be:
__ HCl + __ CaCO₃ ---> __ CaCl₂ + __ CO₂ + __ H₂O
In order to balance a reaction we must have the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. The first step to balance this equation is to count the number of atoms that we have on each side of the equation.
__ HCl + __ CaCO₃ ---> __ CaCl₂ + __ CO₂ + __ H₂O
H: 1 H: 2
Cl: 1 Cl: 2
Ca: 1 Ca: 1
C: 1 C: 1
O: 3 O: 3
So we have one atom of H and Cl on the left but 2 atoms of them on the right side. So to balance our equation we only have to change the coefficient for HCl and write a 2 there.
2 HCl + __ CaCO₃ ---> __ CaCl₂ + __ CO₂ + __ H₂O
H: 2 H: 2
Cl: 2 Cl: 2
Ca: 1 Ca: 1
C: 1 C: 1
O: 3 O: 3
The balanced equation is:
2 HCl + CaCO₃ ---> CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O
b) HCl + MgCO₃ ---> ?
This reaction is really similar to the previous one, but instead of producing calcium chloride we will produce MgCl₂. So the balanced reaction will be:
2 HCl + MgCO₃ ---> MgCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O
c) H₂SO₄ + Li₂CO₃ ----> ?
In this case the carbonate will decompose into the same compounds when reacting with an acid. We will produce lithium sulfate, carbon dioxide and water.
__ H₂SO₄ + __ Li₂CO₃ ----> Li
Answer: