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b. Determine whether the systems of natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrationalnumbers, and real numbers are closed or not closed for addition, subtraction,multiplication, and division,

b. Determine whether the systems of natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrationalnumbers-example-1

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ANSWER and EXPLANATION

For a system of numbers to be closed for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, it means that if each of those operations is carried out on two or more numbers from that system, then the result will ALWAYS be a member of that system.

So, let us answer for each system.

Natural numbers

Addition: Closed e.g. 5 + 3 = 8

Subtraction: Not closed e. g. 5 - 5 = 0 (not a natural number)

Multiplication: Closed

Division: Not closed e.g. 13 / 4 = 3.25 (not a natural number)

Integers

Addition: Closed

Subtraction: Closed

Multiplication: Closed

Division: Not closed e. g. 13 / -4 = -3.25 (not an integer)

Rational Numbers

Addition: Closed

Subtraction: Closed

Multiplication: Closed

Division: Not closed e. g. 3 / 0 = undefined

Irrational Numbers

Addition: Not closed

Subtraction: Not closed

Multiplication: Not closed

Division: Not closed

Real Numbers

Addition: Closed

Subtraction: Closed

Multiplication: Closed

Division: Not closed e.g. 3 / 0 = undefined

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