Question

Which statement describes the hydrogen bonds in an ethanol molecule?All six hydrogen atoms are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole forms between the hydrogen atoms and the carbon or oxygen atoms.Only the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen atom is capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole does not form between the hydrogen and carbon atoms.All six hydrogen atoms are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole forms between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but not between the hydrogen and carbon atoms.Only the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole does not form between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Answer 1

Only the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen in ethanol can form hydrogen bonds because hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as N, O, or F. This hydrogen bonding is due to the polarity of the O-H bond in the hydroxyl group.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the statements provided, the one that correctly describes the hydrogen bonds in an ethanol molecule is: "Only the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen atom is capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole does not form between the hydrogen and carbon atoms." Ethanol has the molecular formula C2H5OH, and it possesses one hydroxyl (-OH) group. Hydrogen bonding may occur due to the polar nature of the O-H bond within the hydroxyl group, where the oxygen atom is more electronegative and holds a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atom is partially positive.

Hydrogen bonding is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction that arises when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F). In ethanol, only the hydrogen atom that is part of the hydroxyl group meets this criterion, as the C-H bonds are not significantly polarized for hydrogen bonding to occur. The hydrogen attached to the oxygen can act as a hydrogen bond donor, while the lone pairs on the oxygen can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, allowing ethanol to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules that have suitable donors or acceptors.

Answer 2

Only the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen atom is capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole does not form between the hydrogen and carbon atoms.

Option

Explanations:

Hydrogen bonding is an intermolecular force that forms when the dipole-dipole attraction is when a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom exists in the vicinity of another electronegative atom with a lone pair of electrons.

This bonding mainly occurs between hydrogen and elements such as Oxygen, Fluorine, and Nitrogen.

For ethanol molecule (C2H5OH), hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen and oxygen element as shown:

Hence we can conclude that only the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen atom is capable of forming hydrogen bonds. A dipole does not form between the hydrogen and carbon atoms.