Factoring means decompose in more simple terms a polynomial
Its called trinomial because have 3 terms
Lets look first at numerical term -12 , its the last term but all the options give -12 as result.
So next see the second term 11x. Find 4 numbers a,b,c,d
such that a•b + c•d = 11
There is a possible combination 4•5 - 3•3 = 20- 9= 11
then look at the options and find which corresponds