ef researcher would like to study the effects of grass-feeding on chickens' egg production.
He wants to know whether grass-feeding has any affect on egg production.
One possible way to perform this study is
He could observe the number of eggs laid at two farms, one farm's chickens feed free-range in the grass and the other feeds their chickens manufactured/ store-bought feed.
Another possible way to conduct the study would be
He could feed all the chickens at a farm manufactured / store-bought feed for one month, recording their egg production. Then he could let the chickens feed free-range in the grass for one month, recording their egg production to determine whether there are any differences.
The rest of the options don't seem appropriate.
For example:
The last option says to compare the number of eggs sold whereas the study is based on egg's production not on how many of them were sold, that's why it would not work.
Another option that says to study only one chicken is not appropriate because the sample size is too low and would result in incorrect conclusions.
Another option that says to ask other farmers is also not appropriate because the researcher has to perform the study himself and should not make any conclusion based on other's opinions.