Answer
a)
1939 | 103,188
1940 | 183,866
1941 | 222,202
1942 | 191,383
1943 | 191,890
1944 | 109,873
1945 | 133,792
1946 | 109,860
1947 | 156,517
1948 | 74,715
1949 | 69,479
1950 | 120, 718
1951 | 68,687
1952 | 45,030
1953 | 37,129
1954 | 60,866
1955 | 62, 786
b) 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 all had fewer than 100,000 cases of whooping cough.
7 years out of 17 years had fewer than 100,000 cases of whooping cough.
c) Based on the data, we expect 1956 to have closer to 50,000 cases of whooping cough.
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Step-by-step explanation
a) The first question asks us to arrange the table in an order that arranges them by year.
1939 | 103,188
1940 | 183,866
1941 | 222,202
1942 | 191,383
1943 | 191,890
1944 | 109,873
1945 | 133,792
1946 | 109,860
1947 | 156,517
1948 | 74,715
1949 | 69,479
1950 | 120,718
1951 | 68,687
1952 | 45,030
1953 | 37,129
1954 | 60,866
1955 | 62,786
b) Which years in this period had fewer than 100,000 cases of whooping cough?
1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 all had fewer than 100,000 cases of whooping cough.
7 years out of 17 years had fewer than 100,000 cases of whooping cough.
c) Based on the data provided, would we expect year 1956 to have closer to 50,000 cases or closer to 100,000 cases.
From the pattern of the number of whooping cough cases, year by year, we can see that the numbers decline (albeit not steadily nor consistently) year after year with only one or two years serving as serious outliers where the numbers spiked in that year, then, the decline from year to year still continues.
And seeing that none of the close years leading to 1956 had close to 100,000 cases, and in fact, this decline below 100,000 cases continues, with some years even declining below the 50,000 cases mark.
Hence, it is logical and clear to predict (bar any outrageous circumstances) that the number of expected cases of whooping cough in 1956 should be closer to the 50,000 cases mark than the 100,000 cases mark.
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