Answer: The Middle Ages was defined by a Feudal system in much of Europe. This system consisted of kings, lords, knights, vassals, and peasants. The people who were part of the church played an important part too. When a person was born into a certain group, they rarely moved to another level. The first person to coin the term 'Dark Ages' was believed to be Francesco Petrarca (known as Petrarch), an Italian scholar of the 14th century. He bestowed this label upon the period in which he lived as he was dismayed at the lack of good literature at that time. Life was harsh, with a limited diet and little comfort. Women were subordinate to men, in both the peasant and noble classes, and were expected to ensure the smooth running of the household. Children had a 50% survival rate beyond age one, and began to contribute to family life around age twelve. Originally Answered: Why are medieval era punishments so cruel and inhumane? A major reason was that (most of) society itself (other than the very rich) was poor and close to the edge. A major reason was that (most of) society itself (other than the very rich) was poor and close to the edge.
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