The function f(x) is:

We have to find the functions that perform the following transformations:
a) Stretches f(x) by a factor of 4 away from the x-axis.
This is a vertical stretching, meaning that the values of y=f(x) are scaled by the factor.
This can be represented as:

Answer: g(x) = 8x - 24
b) Shifts f(x) 4 units right
This is a translation in the x-axis, in the direction of the positive values.
Then:

Answer: g(x) = 2x - 14
c) Compresses f(x) by a factor of 1/4 towards the y-acis.
In this case is an horizontal stretching, and the input x is divided by the factor of compression.
Then:

Answer: g(x) = 8x - 6
d) Shifts f(x) 4 units down.
This is a vertical translation and can be written as:

Answer: g(x) = 2x - 10