Given the diagrams of the change in the sound waves.
a)
In the given diagram, we can see the change in the amplitude of the sound wave but the frequency of the wave remains the same. The loudness of sound depends on its amplitude. The loudness of sound is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude.
Thus, as the amplitude of the wave changes, its loudness changes.
b)
In the given diagram, we can see a change in the frequency of the sound wave but its amplitude remains the same. The pitch of a sound depends on its frequency. As the frequency of a sound increases the pitch of the sound increases.
Thus, as the frequency of the given wave changes, its pitch changes.