1) Let's graph each transformation, considering the parent function, i.e. the simplest version of the same function
2) Let's plot then, considering that:
• f(x) is the parent function
,
• The second function is translated horizontally 2 units down since it's outside the parentheses.
,
• We need to make a table for that:
x | y=4^(x-1)
1 |1 (1,1)
2| 4 (2,4)
3 |16 (3,6)
g(x) =4^(x-1) - 2
x| y
1 | -1 (1,-1)
2 | 2 (2,2)
3 | 14 (3,14)
And we can see this graph like this, in red f(x) and two units down the blue one g(x)