Recall the change of base formula of logarithms:
![\log _ax_{}=(\log x)/(\log a)=(\ln x)/(\ln a)=(\log _bx)/(\log _ba)](https://img.qammunity.org/2023/formulas/mathematics/college/rzadja0h224yyeseemppp6lhnaeesimx7y.png)
Note that here, b can be any base.
Using this property, it follows that the given expression can be written as:
![(\ln8)/(\ln4)=(\log8)/(\log4)=(\log_58)/(\log_54)=\log _48](https://img.qammunity.org/2023/formulas/mathematics/college/nv7s3ll0qq1re8328cdo2qz0o4pye1l6dv.png)
Hence, the first, second, and fourth choices are correct.
Other expressions are not equivalent expressions.
Choose the first, second, and fourth choices.