(a)
The sum of a number and 12 can be represented by "x + 12".
If this sum is at most 8, that means it is lesser than or equal to 8, so we have:

(b)
A number increased by 8 can be represented by "x + 8".
If this sum is greater than 12, we have:

(c)
8 less than a number can be represented by "x - 8".
If this difference is no more than 12, that means it is lesser than or equal to 12, so we have:
