Recall that an improper fraction is a fraction where the numerator (number that is on top) is greater than or equal to the denominator (number that is on the bottom).
Given a mixed number, we can simply transform it to a fraction by performing the following:
If the whole number has a negative sign, you keep the negative sign apart. Take the whole number (16), then you multiply it by the denominator (7) and finally add the numerator (3). Then, this result you put it on top of the denominator (7). Finally, you add the negative sign if there was any.
So in our case we proceed as
1. Multiply the whole number (16) by the denominator (7). That is 16*7.
2. Add the numerator (3). So we get
3. Then, put the number on top of the denominator (7). So we get
Finally, we add the negative sign , so we get
Note that 115>7, so this fraction is an improper one