The tip of 15% is 15% of the total value of the bill, which is $40. So, we need to take 15% of 40.
Taking 15% of 40 is the same as multiplying 15% by 40. 15% can also be written as:

So, we can take 15% of 40 by multiplying 0.15 by 40:

So, the amount left for the tip is $6.