Different liquids have different rates of expansion. I think we can fairly say that (most) substances expand when heating because they vibrate more, because they have more kinetic energy, so there's a pushing force between molecules. For almost the same reason, gasses expand.The change in volume us independent of the original mass but depends on original volume.
A mercury thermometer is based on the application of thermal expansion of liquids. The bulb of the thermometer is kept in contact with a hot body, and mercury expands and level of mercury rises in the tube
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