Part A:
By definition, two triangles are said to be similar if their corresponding angles are congruent and the corresponding sides are in proportion. Since the corresponding angles are congruent and they share the same side, the "inclination" of this shared side is the same. This "inclination" on our problem is the slope of the line.
Part B:
The initial value is the y-intercept since the function begins at t = 0. The y-intercept is the point where the graph cuts the y-axis. In our problem the y-intercept is (0, 40).
The slope can be calculated using the slope formula, which is
If we evaluate the points C(0, 40) and B(1, 100) on the previous formula, we're going to have the following slope
The initial value represents the minimum depth a shark can swim, and the slope represents the rate that they dive(on this graph, 60 m/min).