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A 11.8g object moving to the right at 19.1cm/s makes an elastic head-on collision with a 17.4g object moving in the opposite direction at 28.2cm/s. What is the velocity of the 11.8g object after the collision (assume positive to the right)?

What is the velocity of the 17.4g object after the collision?

User Evan Davis
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1 Answer

28 votes
28 votes

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

elastic collisions conserve momentum and kinetic energy

To conserve momentum means that the center of mass of the system (CoM) does not change velocity

The CoM has velocity

0.0118(0.191) + 0.0174(-0.282) / (0.0118 + 0.0174) = -0.090856... call it -0.091 m/s

To conserve kinetic energy we can think of the CoM as an Ideal spring returning to each mass that hits it an identical speed in the opposite direction.

The CoM sees the 11.8 g object approach at 0.191 - (-0.091) = 0.282 m/s

and will see it depart at -0.282 m/s.

A ground based observer would see it depart at the sum of the CoM velocity and the relative velocity

v₀₁₁₈ = - 0.091 - 0.282 = - 0.373 m/s or 37.3 cm/s left.

The CoM sees the 17.4 g object approach at -0.282 - (-0.091) = - 0.191 m/s

and will see it depart at +0.191 m/s.

A ground based observer would see it depart at the sum of the CoM velocity and the relative velocity

v₀₁₇₄ = - 0.091 + 0.191 = 0.100 m/s or 10.0 cm/s right.

to check we look that the relative velocity of approach equals the relative velocity of departure

before collision

19.1 - (- 28.2) = 47.3 cm/s

after collision

10.0 - (-37.3) = 47.3 cm/s

so checks out

User Anton Novoselov
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