Question

The two processes of using DNA to make mRNA and then using mRNA to make a functional protein are:

1) gene regulation and gene expression, respectively.
2) gene expression and gene regulation, respectively.
3) transcription and translation, respectively.
4) translation and transcription, respectively.

Answer 1

The processes of using DNA to make mRNA and then using mRNA to make a protein are transcription and translation, respectively. These are key parts of gene expression, with gene regulation controlling when and how genes are expressed.

Step-by-step explanation:

The two processes of using DNA to make mRNA and then using mRNA to make a functional protein are known as transcription and translation, respectively. During transcription, a gene's DNA sequence is transcribed to produce an mRNA molecule, which leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation is the process where the genetic code in the mRNA is used to determine the order of amino acids in the protein. These processes are collectively referred to as gene expression, which is the synthesis of a protein from a specific gene.

Gene regulation

is the process that controls the expression of a gene, ensuring that the right proteins are made at the right time and location. This can involve regulatory mechanisms that turn a gene on or off, or adjust the levels of protein produced.