In order to find which of the given rules is valid to describe this relation, let's check each of them.
Step 1
If we apply the first rule to x = 0, we obtain:
Thus, the first rule is incorrect.
Step 2
Applying the second rule for x = 0, we obtain:
Thus, the second rule is incorrect.
Step 3
Applying the third rule to x = 0, we obtain:
Thus, the third rule is incorrect.
Step 4
Since this rule is the only one left, let's check it for all the values of x: