step 1
Find out the unit price
Divide the total cost by the total ounces
so
2/16=$0.125 per ounce
step 2
Find the cost of 8 oz
Multiply the number of ounces by the unit price
so
0.125*8=$1
Find the cost of 12 oz
0.125*12=$1.5
Find the cost of 18 oz
0.125*18=$2.25
Find the cost of 28 oz
0.125*28=$3.5