Question

9. Describe how DNA is replicated in prokaryotic cells.

This is strictly for Biology 110, and I bombed both the first and second exams, so I need as much help as I can get. Will be posting more questions soon.
If anyone on here is majoring in Biology and knows some of the material that these questions are referring to, please help!

REAL ANSWERS ONLY! NO LINKS!!!!!

Answer 1

(1) topoisomerase I un-supercoils the DNA in the cytoplasm

(2) single stranded binding proteins bind to the separated DNA to keep it from reforming the hydrogen bonds while it is being replicated

(3) the RNA polymerase "primase" lays down a short stretch of RNA (RNA primer)

(4) DNA polymerase III starts adding new nucleotides to the 3’ ends of the RNA primer on both the leading and lagging strands

(5) Once the entire chromosome has been copied DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primers and replaces them with deoxyribonucleotides. DNA polymerase I has exonuclease activity in the 5’ – 3’ direction, so it can remove and then replace nucleotides as it moves down the piece of DNA.

(6) DNA ligase comes in to hook together any gaps in the nucleotides so that the newly synthesized DNA is one continuous strand and catalyzes the connection between the 5’ phosphate group and 3’ hydroxyl group

(7) The nitrogenous bases reform hydrogen bonds to "re-zip" and then DNA gyrase helps the supercoils to reform.

Step-by-step explanation:

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