Question

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Why do many scholars use the term Medieval Period instead of the Middle Ages?
Why did European thinkers, artists, and writers of the Renaissance begin referring to the preceding era as the Middle or Dark Ages?
Which institution held the most power in Europe during the Middle Ages? Why?
Who was Charlemagne? What was the Holy Roman Empire?
What allowed the Catholic Church to become so rich?
Which Chinese invention allowed the Islamic Empire to spread its knowledge and preserve their teachings?
What were the Crusades?
Why would so many Europeans take up Crusading?
Why would building a Cathedral show your devotion to the Catholic Church?
What was the Romanesque style of cathedral architecture?
What was the Gothic style of cathedral architecture? How does it differ from Romanesque?
Why were books considered works of art during the Middle Ages in Europe?
Why did feudal life begin to change during the 11th century?

Answer 1

Prior to the Renaissance, Europe experienced the Medieval Times, otherwise known as the Dark Ages. The renaissance probably began due to two factors, the fall of Constantinople (the most advanced city in Europe) in 1453, which drove all her scholars westwards to escape the invading Turks. Europe experienced the Medieval Times, otherwise known as the Dark Ages. The renaissance probably began due to two factors, the fall of Constantinople (the most advanced city in Europe) in 1453, which drove all her scholars westwards to escape the invading Turks. The Spanish crown maintained its hegemony in Europe and was the leading power on the continent until the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees, which ended a conflict between Spain and France that had begun during the Thirty Years' War. Charlemagne, king of the Franks (768–814), king of the Lom bards (774–814), and first emperor (800–814) of what was later called the Holy Roman Empire. His feats as a ruler, both real and imagined, served as a standard to which many European rulers looked for guidance in defining and discharging their royal functions The Catholic Church was extremely wealthy. Monetary donations were given by many levels of society, most commonly in the form of a tithe, a tax which normally saw people give roughly 10% of their earnings to the Church. The Church placed value on beautiful material possessions, believing art and beauty was for the glory of God. The invention of paper took place in China around 105 CE, The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The best known of these Crusades are those to the Holy Land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were intended to recover Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Islamic rule. Cathedral Building As an Expression of Faith The building of monumental cathedrals in the middle ages was a reflection of faith and the channel for much of the creative energy of medieval European society. The Romanesque and Gothic styles differ in a variety of features. The Romanesque type of building was mainly used for protective purposes while the Gothic cathedrals were used for aesthetic purposes due to its ornate and delicate decorations.

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