Final answer:
The correct equation for the combustion of carbon with oxygen to form carbon dioxide is C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g). This reaction releases energy in the form of light and heat.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct chemical reaction showing carbon burning with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas is:
C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)
During the combustion reaction, carbon (C) combines with oxygen (O₂) to form carbon dioxide (CO₂). This is an exothermic process where a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat. If there is limited oxygen, carbon monoxide (CO) may form initially and then further react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide.