Final answer:
During sexual reproduction, meiosis produces four haploid cells that develop into mature gametes through gametogenesis; sperm in males via spermatogenesis, and eggs in females via oogenesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four genetically different gametes produced during sexual reproduction are called sperm and eggs, depending on whether they come from a male or a female, respectively. During the process of sexual reproduction, after meiosis has occurred, the haploid cells undergo a development stage known as gametogenesis, where they mature into gametes capable of fertilization. In males, this process is termed spermatogenesis and results in the production of sperm, while in females, it is called oogenesis, which typically yields one large egg from the four haploid cells. These gametes play a crucial role in combining genetic material from two parents to create a genetically unique offspring.