Final answer:
The example of automatically tensing muscles when hearing a clanking sound on a ride at an amusement park is an example of classical conditioning.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this scenario, the example of being on a ride at an amusement park and automatically tensing your muscles when you hear a clanking sound is an example of classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a type of learning where a neutral stimulus (the clanking sound) becomes associated with a reflex response (tensing muscles) through repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus (the sudden swerving of the ride). Over time, the clanking sound alone elicits the conditioned response of muscle tension, even without the swerving of the ride.