Answer: the answer to the first question should be irrigation because first of all irrigation system control the levels of the water to mantain it at its right level.
For the second one is hammurabi code of law because it outlines the punishments for people that do not follow the law.
For the third one the answer could be city-states because they have their own government to rule and they are independent in ruling and that could be the answer but it depends on what their choices are.
Explanation: Have a great day.